Auteur: Clare, Janet
Titre: «The Great Patrician of the Speaking Art»: Cicero, from the Republic of Letters to the English Republic
Revue/Collection: "Ciceroniana on line" IV, 2, 2020
Éditeur: Société Internationale des Amis de Cicéron
Annèe edition: 2020
Pages: 353-373
Mots-clès: Héritage - Fortuna - Legacy, Politique - Politica - Politics
Description: [Abstract] This article explores the reception of Cicero in early modern England, specifically his centrality to the humanist education programme and as an exponent of civilizing rhetoric. It is contended that throughout the sixteenth century humanists were highly selective in their appreciation of Cicero to the extent that the political contexts and arguments of his oratory were largely ignored. The Cicero celebrated for De officiis (one of the most popular texts in England) was rarely joined to the Cicero of the Philippics, countenancing tyrannicide, even though these texts were composed within months of each other. The surge of interest in classical republicanism in the period of civil wars and the establishment of the English Republic in 1649 marked a decisive change in the representation of Cicero. The transition is exemplified in the play The Tragedy of that Famous Roman Orator Marcus Tullius Cicero (1651). Here, as a supporter of regicide and exponent of the freedom from a tyrannical state, Cicero’s political voice powerfully resonates across time and place. Résumé Cet article explore la réception de Cicéron au début de l’Angleterre moderne, en particulier son rôle central dans le programme d’éducation humaniste et en tant que représentant de la rhétorique civilisatrice. Nous estimons que tout au long du XVIème siècle, les humanistes ont été très sélectifs dans leur appréciation de Cicéron, au point que les contextes politiques et les arguments de son discours ont été en grande partie ignorés. Le Cicéron célébré pour le De officiis (l’un des textes les plus populaires en Angleterre) était rarement joint au Cicéron des Philippiques, qui admettaient le tyrannicide, même si ces textes étaient composés à quelques mois d’intervalle. Le regain d’intérêt pour le républicanisme classique pendant la période des guerres civiles et l’établissement de la République en 1649 ont marqué un changement décisif dans la représentation de Cicéron. Cette transition est illustrée par la pièce The Tragedy of that Famous Roman Orator Marcus Tullius Cicero (1651). Ici, en tant que partisan du régicide et représentant de la liberté contre un État tyrannique, la voix politique de Cicéron résonne puissamment à travers le temps et l’espace. Riassunto Il presente articolo affronta la ricezione di Cicerone in Inghilterra all’inizio dell’Età moderna, concentrandosi in modo particolare sulla centralità dell’Arpinate – esponente di una retorica civilizzatrice – nel programma educativo umanistico. Si ritiene che, durante il XVI secolo, gli umanisti manifestassero il loro apprezzamento di Cicerone in modo molto selettivo, oscurando spesso il contesto politico e alcuni argomenti della sua produzione oratoria. Celebrato per il De officiis (uno fra i testi maggiormente apprezzati in Inghilterra), l’Arpinate era però raramente accostato alle Philippicae, inneggianti al tirannicidio, benché le opere in questione fossero state composte a pochi mesi di distanza l’una dall’altra. Il maggior interesse nei riguardi del repubblicanesimo antico al tempo delle guerre civili e l’istituzione della Repubblica nel 1649 segnarono un cambiamento decisivo nel modo di rappresentare Cicerone. Tale transizione risulta evidente nell’opera The Tragedy of that Famous Roman Orator Marcus Tullius Cicero (1651). In essa, sostenendo il regicidio e abbracciando la libertà dello Stato, il pensiero politico ciceroniano si riafferma prepotentemente nel tempo e nello spazio. Biography Janet Clare (janet.clare@bristol.ac.uk) is Research Professor in English at the University of Bristol and Research Fellow at the Institute of English Studies, University of London. In 2016 she was Visiting Professor at the Università degli Studi di Firenze and has lectured in France, Germany, Italy, Austria, Brazil and Japan. She is the author of Art Made Tongue-Tied by Authority: Elizabethan and Jacobean Dramatic Censorship (19992); Drama of the English Republic, 1649-1660 (2002); Revenge Tragedies of the Renaissance (2006) and Shakespeare’s Stage Traffic: Imitation, Borrowing and Competition in Renaissance Theatre (2014, 2017).
Oeuvres:
Liens: https://www.ojs.unito.it/index.php/COL/article/view/5498
Sigle auteur: Clare 2020
Titre: «The Great Patrician of the Speaking Art»: Cicero, from the Republic of Letters to the English Republic
Revue/Collection: "Ciceroniana on line" IV, 2, 2020
Éditeur: Société Internationale des Amis de Cicéron
Annèe edition: 2020
Pages: 353-373
Mots-clès: Héritage - Fortuna - Legacy, Politique - Politica - Politics
Description: [Abstract] This article explores the reception of Cicero in early modern England, specifically his centrality to the humanist education programme and as an exponent of civilizing rhetoric. It is contended that throughout the sixteenth century humanists were highly selective in their appreciation of Cicero to the extent that the political contexts and arguments of his oratory were largely ignored. The Cicero celebrated for De officiis (one of the most popular texts in England) was rarely joined to the Cicero of the Philippics, countenancing tyrannicide, even though these texts were composed within months of each other. The surge of interest in classical republicanism in the period of civil wars and the establishment of the English Republic in 1649 marked a decisive change in the representation of Cicero. The transition is exemplified in the play The Tragedy of that Famous Roman Orator Marcus Tullius Cicero (1651). Here, as a supporter of regicide and exponent of the freedom from a tyrannical state, Cicero’s political voice powerfully resonates across time and place. Résumé Cet article explore la réception de Cicéron au début de l’Angleterre moderne, en particulier son rôle central dans le programme d’éducation humaniste et en tant que représentant de la rhétorique civilisatrice. Nous estimons que tout au long du XVIème siècle, les humanistes ont été très sélectifs dans leur appréciation de Cicéron, au point que les contextes politiques et les arguments de son discours ont été en grande partie ignorés. Le Cicéron célébré pour le De officiis (l’un des textes les plus populaires en Angleterre) était rarement joint au Cicéron des Philippiques, qui admettaient le tyrannicide, même si ces textes étaient composés à quelques mois d’intervalle. Le regain d’intérêt pour le républicanisme classique pendant la période des guerres civiles et l’établissement de la République en 1649 ont marqué un changement décisif dans la représentation de Cicéron. Cette transition est illustrée par la pièce The Tragedy of that Famous Roman Orator Marcus Tullius Cicero (1651). Ici, en tant que partisan du régicide et représentant de la liberté contre un État tyrannique, la voix politique de Cicéron résonne puissamment à travers le temps et l’espace. Riassunto Il presente articolo affronta la ricezione di Cicerone in Inghilterra all’inizio dell’Età moderna, concentrandosi in modo particolare sulla centralità dell’Arpinate – esponente di una retorica civilizzatrice – nel programma educativo umanistico. Si ritiene che, durante il XVI secolo, gli umanisti manifestassero il loro apprezzamento di Cicerone in modo molto selettivo, oscurando spesso il contesto politico e alcuni argomenti della sua produzione oratoria. Celebrato per il De officiis (uno fra i testi maggiormente apprezzati in Inghilterra), l’Arpinate era però raramente accostato alle Philippicae, inneggianti al tirannicidio, benché le opere in questione fossero state composte a pochi mesi di distanza l’una dall’altra. Il maggior interesse nei riguardi del repubblicanesimo antico al tempo delle guerre civili e l’istituzione della Repubblica nel 1649 segnarono un cambiamento decisivo nel modo di rappresentare Cicerone. Tale transizione risulta evidente nell’opera The Tragedy of that Famous Roman Orator Marcus Tullius Cicero (1651). In essa, sostenendo il regicidio e abbracciando la libertà dello Stato, il pensiero politico ciceroniano si riafferma prepotentemente nel tempo e nello spazio. Biography Janet Clare (janet.clare@bristol.ac.uk) is Research Professor in English at the University of Bristol and Research Fellow at the Institute of English Studies, University of London. In 2016 she was Visiting Professor at the Università degli Studi di Firenze and has lectured in France, Germany, Italy, Austria, Brazil and Japan. She is the author of Art Made Tongue-Tied by Authority: Elizabethan and Jacobean Dramatic Censorship (19992); Drama of the English Republic, 1649-1660 (2002); Revenge Tragedies of the Renaissance (2006) and Shakespeare’s Stage Traffic: Imitation, Borrowing and Competition in Renaissance Theatre (2014, 2017).
Oeuvres:
Liens: https://www.ojs.unito.it/index.php/COL/article/view/5498
Sigle auteur: Clare 2020
